Five Prayers & Timings
There is misconception about quran not containing the timing or the five prayers in quran by those who underestimate the quran or have conducted poor studies as the Quran is a fully detailed book containing every single answer for such falsifiers.
Quran 4:103
فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّـهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِكُمْ ۚ فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنتُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ ۚ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَّوْقُوتًا
And when you have completed the prayer, remember Allah standing, sitting, or [lying] on your sides. But when you become secure, re-establish [regular] prayer. Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a timed book.
The verse clearly claims prayer is on a certain times written in the book.
Prayer timings in quran
Fajr,zuhur and isha are clearly mentioned in the quran and (fajr,zuhur,isha) are not prayers but timings, Fajar does not mean a prayer but it literally means dawn likewise zuhur means noon and isha means evening.
Quran 24:58
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِيَسْتَأْذِنكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنكُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ۚ مِّن قَبْلِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِن بَعْدِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ ۚ ثَلَاثُ عَوْرَاتٍ لَّكُمْ ۚ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا عَلَيْهِمْ جُنَاحٌ بَعْدَهُنَّ ۚ طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيْكُم بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّـهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ ۗ وَاللَّـهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess and those who have not [yet] reached puberty among you ask permission of you [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer and when you put aside your clothing [for rest] at noon and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them beyond these [periods], for they continually circulate among you – some of you, among others. Thus does Allah make clear to you the verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Salat al fajar means prayer of dawn as fajar itself does not mean prayer and likewise for zuhur in and isha in Quran 24:58.
Five Prayers in the Quran
Quran clearly mentions five prayers in the Quran in Detail
1st Prayer fajr dawn
Quran 17:78
أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا
Establish prayer at the decline of the sun [from its meridian] until the darkness of the night and [also] the Qur’an of dawn. Indeed, the recitation at dawn is ever witnessed.
Recitation at dawn is the fajr prayer.
Quran 24:58
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِيَسْتَأْذِنكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنكُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ۚ مِّن قَبْلِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِن بَعْدِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ ۚ ثَلَاثُ عَوْرَاتٍ لَّكُمْ ۚ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا عَلَيْهِمْ جُنَاحٌ بَعْدَهُنَّ ۚ طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيْكُم بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّـهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ ۗ وَاللَّـهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess and those who have not [yet] reached puberty among you ask permission of you [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer and when you put aside your clothing [for rest] at noon and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them beyond these [periods], for they continually circulate among you – some of you, among others. Thus does Allah make clear to you the verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise.
incase someone disagree with 17:78 then word salat al fajir in 24:58 leaves no argument of fajar prayer in quran.
2nd Prayer zuhur noon
Quran 30:18
وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَعَشِيًّا وَحِينَ تُظْهِرُونَ
And to Him is [due all] praise throughout the heavens and the earth. And [exalted is He] at night and when you are at noon.
Zuhur means noon and praying at noon is clearly mentioned and Quran 24:58 also mentions noon.
3rd Prayer asr afternoon
Afternoon prayer is mentioned as salat al wusta meaning the middle prayer in Quran.
Quran 2:238
حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَىٰ وَقُومُوا لِلَّـهِ قَانِتِينَ
Maintain with care the [obligatory] prayers and [in particular] the middle prayer and stand before Allah, devoutly obedient.
Quran mentions 4 prayers fajar, zuhur, maghrib and isha by timing in quran which makes the number of prayers in even numbers in quran and Salat al wusta the middle prayer is an odd number, since its the middle prayer which fits in the middle of even numbers to complete the all five prayers.
The middle of dawn, noon, sunset and night is afternoon which fits in thus completeing all five prayers.
4th Prayer maghrib
Quran 17:78
أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِدُلُوكِ الشَّمْسِ إِلَىٰ غَسَقِ اللَّيْلِ وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ ۖ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا
Establish prayer at the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night and [also] the Qur’an of dawn. Indeed, the recitation at dawn is ever witnessed.
Establishing prayer from decline of sun till darkness is the maghrib prayer.
5th Prayer isha night
Quran 24:58
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِيَسْتَأْذِنكُمُ الَّذِينَ مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحُلُمَ مِنكُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ۚ مِّن قَبْلِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ الظَّهِيرَةِ وَمِن بَعْدِ صَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ ۚ ثَلَاثُ عَوْرَاتٍ لَّكُمْ ۚ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَا عَلَيْهِمْ جُنَاحٌ بَعْدَهُنَّ ۚ طَوَّافُونَ عَلَيْكُم بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّـهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ ۗ وَاللَّـهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess and those who have not [yet] reached puberty among you ask permission of you [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer and when you put aside your clothing [for rest] at noon and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them beyond these [periods], for they continually circulate among you – some of you, among others. Thus does Allah make clear to you the verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Night prayer isha is clearly highlighted in bold.
as you said:
>> The verse clearly claims prayer is on a certain times written in the book.
so prayer timing shall be detailed in the Book clearly.
>> Zuhur means noon and praying at noon is clearly mentioned and Quran 24:58 also mentions noon.
where’s the command AqeemAlSalah/EstablishPrayer and when exactly the timing of Zuhr prayer begins and ends in the verse 30:18?
>> Afternoon prayer is mentioned as salat al wusta meaning the middle prayer in Quran.
when exactly noon ends and afternoon begins? there’s no exact standard timing for beginning of the afternoon. please prove with Quran alone.
>> Establishing prayer from decline of sun till darkness is the maghrib prayer.
when the sun reaches it’s highest point and starts going towards sunset basically is called “the sun is declining” how did you figure out the verse is talking about sunset? and btw غسق الیل can mean “beginning of darkness of the night/when the sky is yellow like milk cream/twilight” which is when the day starts merging into night.
>> Night prayer isha is clearly highlighted in bold.
and when exactly it starts and ends? if it can be performed all the night to dawn then why God says “they shall ask permission after night prayer” what if some people perform night prayer just before dawn prayer then in this case what’s the meaning of asking the permission?
Quran says pray salat as much as you find easy, Isha pray as much as it is easy for you if you find 2 minute salat easy okay fine you can do 2 or 4 hours isah salah if easy for you so in the it depends on you and certain salat like magrib is being dictated from decline of the sun till darkness now the understanding is up to you or ask people of knowledge as when sun starts declining, same for fajar doesnt matter when you start but finishes at dawn. Hope you have understood my answer or you can ask further if i was not clear enough thank you.
You made very good points and raised the right questions.
The author here actually interpreted the Quran here in light of the practices we see here and not solely based on the Quran itself.
It is clearly mentioned in the Quran Salatul Fajr and salatul Isha. No Zhur no ASR no Maghrib. Salat Al wusta in that verse talks about being Central in the context of mariage and divorce. Please read the verse carefully in its context.
Why do you guys ask question like what is afternoon when afternoon begins or ends, Maybe you guys should head back to school for some basic education.